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Uranium

Uranium , including Technical Data, Safety Data and its high purity propertiesresearch, applications and other useful facts are discussed below. Scientific facts such as the atomic structure,ionization energyabundance on Earthconductivity and thermal properties are included.

Uranium in its depleted and unenriched forms has numerous commercial applications due to its great density and its bright yellow-green color in glass and ceramics. Its great density has found military applications in armor piercing armaments and in protective shielding. It is added to ceramic frits, glazes and to color bar for glass production because of its bright yellow shade. Uranyl Nitrate and Uranyl Acetate are used in medical and analytical laboratories. The name Uranium originates from the planet Uranus.


Uranium is a Block F, Group 3, Period 7 element. The number of electrons in each of Uranium‘s shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 21, 9, 2 and its electronic configuration is [Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2. In its elemental form uranium‘s CAS number is 7440-61-1. The uranium atom has a radius of 138.5.pm High Purity (99.999%) Uranium Oxide (UO) Powderand it‘s Van der Waals radius is 186.pm. Uranium is harmfulboth through its radioactivity and chemical toxicity. 

Uranium was discovered by Martin Heinrich Klaproth.





Abundance. The following table shows the abundance of uranium and each of its naturally occurringisotopes on Earth along with the atomic mass for each isotope.

Isotope Atomic Mass % Abundance on Earth
U-234 234.0409468 (24) [0.0055 (2)]
U-235 235.0439242 (24) [0.7200 (51)]
U-238 238.0507847 (23) [99.2745 (106)]

The following table shows the abundance of Uranium present in the human body and in the universe scaled to parts per billion (ppb) by weight and by atom:

  Typical Human Body Universe
by Weight 1 ppb 0.2
by Atom 0.03 atoms relative to C = 1000000 0.001 ppb

Safety Data and Biological Role. The safety data for Uranium metalnanoparticles and its compounds can vary widely depending on the form. For potential hazard information, toxicity, and road, sea and air transportation limitations, such as DOT Hazard Class, DOT Number, EU Number, NFPA Health rating and RTECS Class, please see the specific material or compound referenced in the left margin. Uranium compounds have no biological role. 

Ionization Energy. The ionization energy for uranium (the least required energy to release a single electron from the atom in it‘s ground state in the gas phase) is stated in the following table:

1st Ionization Energy 597.6 kJ mol-1
2nd Ionization Energy 1420 kJ mol-1

Conductivity. As to uranium‘s electrical and thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity measured in terms of electrical resistivity (0 °C) 0.280 ?Ω·m and its electronegativities (or its ability to draw electrons relative to other elements) is 1.38. The thermal conductivity of radium is 27.5 W m-1 K-1.

Thermal Properties. The melting point and boiling point for uranium are stated below. The following chart sets forth the heat of fusion, heat of vaporization and heat of atomization.

Heat of Fusion 8.520 kJ mol-1
Heat of Vaporization 422.58 kJ mol-1
Heat of Atomization 482 kJ mol-1





Formula Atomic Number Molecular Weight Electronegativity (Pauling) Density Melting Point Boiling Point Vanderwaals radius Ionic radius Energy of first ionization
U 92 238.02891 (3) 1.38 19.1 g/cm3 1135 °C 4130°C 186 pm pm 597.6 kJ mol-1